• Outcome

• Ownership and access to productive assets

Change in number or quality of productive assets owned or accessed by target population. Increased number, improvement, preservation or reduced depletion of livelihood productive assets indicates increase in food security, economic security and resilience. This indicator is focused on equipment, infrastructures and inputs provision and access, supported with different mechanisms (cash, in-kind, income/employment support, safety nets, etc.). • It includes group and individual agriculture assets/inputs supply (e.g. seeds, tools, irrigation systems, land) • It includes livestock, fishing and pisciculture, aquaculture, apiculture, etc., support (e.g. distribution of productive assets, reduction of depletion). • It includes group and individual IGA (income generation activities) assets distribution/support. • It includes any type of assets support (recovery, improvement) to agro based, non-agro based, or service based income generation activity, can include value addition or transformation etc. • It includes the support on improved productive assets (e.g. improved seeds) • It includes creation or reconstruction of productive infrastructures for household/community/productive associations. At community level we need to specify the type of community/group and to indicate the inclusion/access of all members of these groups to the common assets. This indicator also include the "build back better" approach, which not just recover what households/productive groups had before the crisis/shock, but also improve their assets to make them more resilient and sustainable. Definitions: • MSME: micro, small and medium enterprises (formal or informal) • Safe manner: To be included according to context (mostly in conflict areas). Interventions that promote the replacement, increase or improvement of productive assets must assure security of target population.

Geography/Livelihoods zone; Gender, age, disabilities, chronic diseases (for individuals, associations members, etc.); Head of household’s gender, age, disabilities, chronic diseases, dependency ratio (for households), and any other relevant criteria, such as urban/rural context, religious, ethnic or political identities; Wealth groups; Livelihoods group (e.g. pastoralist, farmers, traders); Period to achieve the objective;

• Remain stable or increase

Both secondary and primary data collection can be used according to context. • Baseline/Endline. If multiyear programme consider also a mid-term evaluation. • Secondary data. Reliable/relevant sources from other actors, clusters or government (e.g. assessment information, reference to a normal situation). Unit of Measurement: Population, but can also be households or productive organisations, or MSME. If percentage: • Numerator: Number of target population able to their productive assets. • Denominator: Total number of target population Data Collection methods: Secondary data analysis; Household/productive organisations/etc. survey and Focus Group Discussion; Key informant interviews; Assets distribution reports; MSME / productive organisations’ assets records;

• Income Generation Activities and Employment
• Primary production

At the end of the programme X% of target households (from those Y% are household with a high dependency ratio) in Podor region are able to restore their productive assets above pre disaster level. At the end of the programme X% target productive organisations (from those Y% are women organisations) in Podor region are able to increase their productive assets above baseline level.

Measure the number of productive assets owned (e.g. livestock heads, land, tools, equipment) or able to access (e.g. seed for the next plantation, access to land). Comparison of number of productive assets should be done related to: - normal year (note that in some cases target population could have problems to inform about "a normal year" mostly in slow onset disasters) - baseline - last year -at the same period- [primary production] Consider potential changes in seasonal asset ownership and active seasonal depletion or explanation of the same (e.g. sold a goat to buy food at the beginning of the lean season; destocking, pests and diseases prevalence). Consider market price variations throughout the year.