• Outcome

• Disaster Risk Reduction and Natural Resources Management

Change in number of productive assets (e.g. lands, livestock, infrastructures) protected and strengthened against natural or human threats. The indicator keeps the attention to protect and strengthen productive assets to improve communities/households/productive organisations resilience. Livelihood strengthening and protection through DRR practices: • The creation of household or community infrastructures to protect livelihood assets against natural or human hazards (e.g. livestock shelters, seeds banks) • The use or adaptation of agriculture production and livestock to climate/weather conditions (drought adapted seeds, etc.) • Initiatives or projects that reduce or eliminate negative or damaging production practices (climate change mitigation, reduction/elimination of over exploitation of natural resources, etc.) • The use of insurances to cope with primary production/productive assets losses (e.g. drought prone areas) • The use of destocking techniques • Other infrastructures (and livelihood assets) protection and strengthening initiatives (e.g. disaster risk reduction actions, surveillance mechanisms) Definitions: • MSME: micro, small and medium enterprises (formal or informal) • DRR: disaster risk reduction

Geography/Livelihoods zone; Wealth groups; Livelihoods group (e.g. pastoralist, farmers, traders); Period to achieve the objective;

• Increase (number)

Both secondary and primary data collection can be used according to context. • Baseline/Endline (related to the specific natural resource target). If multiyear programme consider also a mid-term evaluation. • Secondary data. Reliable/relevant sources from other actors, clusters or government (e.g. assessment information, reference to a normal situation). Unit of Measurement: Depending on the livelihood infrastructure/asset (e.g. forest ha, coastline metre-kilometre, number of water sources/water collectors) Data Collection methods: Secondary data analysis; Livelihood infrastructure recovery measure; Households Surveys and Focus Group Discussion; Key informant interviews.

• Livelihoods and Natural Resources Protection

X community water collectors for livestock in pastoralist area of Mahama protected to future hazards At the end of the project X ha of crop land in rural area of Kirehe district protected against floods through the use of embankments

Depending on the type of productive infrastructure/asset service, the indicator measure: the number of infrastructures available; the change in their coverage (rate de services par population); the improvement of the infrastructures (e.g. formalized, managed/management committee) and the preparation of protection measures to promote services' resilience. Note that this indicator should be measured before expected hazards happen. In this regard, it is important to define how the action implemented in the programme is going to protect community/ households livelihoods and their livelihood assets.